In 2022 and 2023, most HPAI cases affected producers during the spring and fall. The years 2024 and 2025 were different, however. The bulk of cases occurred during the winter months. Between December 2024 and February 2025, approximately 53.7 million egg layers, turkeys, and broilers were culled due to HPAI outbreaks. The extensive culling, particularly among egg layers, contributed to inflation during that period. Since the first week of March, only 2.5 million commercial poultry have been lost to HPAI, the majority being table egg layers. Most of these losses occurred at a single egg layer farm in Jay County, Indiana in mid-March. In addition, high prices and retail sale limits have dampened demand.

The egg layer flock will take time to...