Falling Rupee and Higher Input Costs Make Agriculture a Tough Choice Two developments that the government of India (GOI) had not anticipated are higher crude oil prices and the rupee falling against the U.S. dollar. In discussions with the U.S. regarding market access, India moved to impose safeguard and retaliatory duties on U.S. goods, including some intermediate products and non-urea fertilizer components such as phosphoric acid, effective 4 August 2018. While it might be considered patriotic to do so on apples, walnuts and almonds, phosphoric acid forms the base for fertilizers like di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) and muriate of potash (MoP). Phosphoric acid prices in the international market are already up 15-20 percent, and they are like...